What is it?
A cataract is when the clear lens inside the eye becomes cloudy, making vision blurred or hazy. It’s like looking through a frosted window. Cataracts usually develop slowly over time and are most common with ageing.
Symptoms
- Blurry, cloudy, or hazy vision
- Difficulty seeing at night or in dim light
- Sensitivity to bright lights or glare
- Colours appearing faded or yellowed
- Frequent changes in glasses prescription
Causes
Most cataracts develop as a natural part of ageing. Other causes include eye injuries, diabetes, certain medications (like steroids), and prolonged exposure to UV light.
Treatment
- Glasses – may help in the early stages.
- Cataract surgery – the only effective long-term treatment. It’s a common and safe procedure where the cloudy lens is replaced with a clear artificial one.
When to see an optometrist
If you notice your vision becoming cloudy or struggle with night driving, it may be time for an eye test. Cataracts are very treatable with modern surgery.
Resources
- South African Optometric Association
- American Academy of Ophthalmology – Cataracts
- NHS – Cataracts
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